Oil bttrneb



May 19; 1931w w. B. STURGIS OIL BURNER Filed Nov. 1/1928 L6, The objectof the invention is-to I Patented ay 19:, 1931 UNITED STA ES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM B. STURGIS, OF GHICAGO, ILLINOIS on. minivan Application illed l iovember 1,1928. Serial No. 816,480.

"different from that disclosedlin myearlier application, employs substantially the sameprinciplesv of flame formation.

.10: Three such oil burners are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, described in the following specification and covered in the "appended claims.

In the drawin s:

Fig. 1 is a vertlcal section through the center of an oil burner possessing the features of the invention;

.Fig. 2 is a similar view through another such oil burner; and v Fig. 3 is a similar view through still another such oil burner.

The three oil burners shown in the drawings, while structurally quite different from each other, ossess certain features in common. Each is characterized by a pot in which the oil is vaporized; a conduit for leading the oil into thebottom of the pot; an air tube in the center of the pot; ports adjacent the bottom of the ot for "introducing air into commingling re ation with the oil vapor formed from the oil in the bottom of the pot; an annular constriction about the upper edge of the pot for deflectin the upwar ly flowing mixture of air an oil vapor inwardly toward the tube; and ports in the tube adjacent the level of such constriction for introducing more air into the mixture of air and oil vapor and blowing the same outwardly,

where y to form a rather flat upwardly divergent cone-shaped flame about the tube immediately above the constriction. j

The burner shown in Fig. 1 includes a cylindrical pot 10 which is positioned within a cylindrical shell 11 in spaced relation to both the sidewall and bottom of the latter. The upper edges of the pot and shell are connect- I ed by a web 12. A tube 13 is positioned with-. in the pot over an opening 14 in the bottom 60 of the latter, and the upper end of-the tube,

'T and lower edges, with a plurality of air ports which is located at about level of the .u per ed of the pot is closed. by a cap 15.

lie pot provided, intermediate its upper 16, and; the tube is provided, adjacent its "upper end, with a plurality of air ports -17.

An upwardly convergent cone-shaped ring 18 is positioned within the potjust below the level of the air orts in the tube and just above the level 0? the u permostrow of air ports in the 0t, and anot er similarly shaped ring 19 of s ightly greater inside diameter is arranged beneath the ring 18 preferably just below the level of the uppermost row of air ports in the pot. v

- The air used in the burner enters the shell through a pipe 20. Part of the air flo'ws upwardly in the space between the sidewalls of the pot and shell and enters the pot by way of the ports 16, whilethe remainder flows upwardly in the. tube and is discharged outwardly over the uppermost ring 18 by the ports 17. The oil used in the burnerenters the pot through a pipe 21 andspreads out over the bottom of the pot in a thin film. The oil on the bottom is vaporized by the heat from the flame above the pot and flows upwardly in the pot, mixing with the air entering through the ports 16. When the mixture of air and oil vapor reaches the constriction formed about the upper edge of the pot by the rings 18 and 19, it is deflected inwardly and caused to flow upwardly at an increased speed closely adjacent the tube. As the mixture, in flowing upwardly, reaches the upper edge of the constriction, it meets the air flowing outwardly from the ports 17 in the tube and thoroughl -mixes with the same, forming an upwar ly and outwardly directed cone-shaped flame about the tube immediately above the constriction.

The constriction about the upper edge of the pot, and the lateral discharge of the air from the top of the tube into the mixtureof air and oil vapor flowing upwardly past such constriction closely adjacent to the .tube, produces a thorough mixture of all of the air necessary for complete combustion in a very advantageously shaped flame.

In the burner shown in Fig. 2, the constriction about the upper ed of the pot is vertically elongated, in the orm of a cylindrical throat 22, and the preliminary rich mixture of air and oil vapor is caused by the throat to flow upwardly in close proximit to the tube for a substantial distance. he first air to mix with the oil .vapor enters the pot through ports 22 in the side wall below the throat, and, as the mixture of air and oil vapor flows upwardly through the throat, more air is directed into such flow by ports 24 in the throat. When the resulting still rich mixture, in moving upwardly in the throat, reaches the upper end of the same, more air is directed into it by orts 25 in the up er end of the tube, there y producing su stantiall the same desirable flame formation as t at given by the structure shown in Fig. 1.

In the burner shown in Fig. 3, the constriction about the u per edge of the pot consists merely of a thin centrally apertured plate 26 through which the preliminary mix ture of air and oil vapor 1s caused to flow.

upwardly in close proximity to the tube. The first air to mix with the oil vapor enters the pot through ports 27, and, as the mixture approaches the constriction, more air is directed into it by ports 28 which are located just below the constriction and are preferably pointed upwardly a little to facilitate the upward movement of the mixture through the constriction. When the resulting mixture, in moving upwardly, passes the constriction, the final supply of air is directed into it from ports 29 in the upper end of the tube, as in the previously described forms, and complete combustion occurs in a rather flat upwardly divergent cone-shaped flame.

I claim:

1. In a burner of the character described,

- the combination of a pot consisting of a continuous side wall and a bottom, means for delivering fuel in fluid form into the pot, a vertically extending tube positioned centrally in the pot to form with the side wall a mixing chamber for the fuel and having the lower end thereof opening through the pot to receive air, means for delivering'air into the chamber in such quantity as to effect only aeration of the fuel during normal operation of the burner, a wall extending inwardly from the upper marginal part of the side wall and having its inner edge spaced from the tube to form therearound a restricted outlet for the aerated fuel, and means adjacent the'inwardly extending wall for delivering jets of air, inwardly a ainst the tube in order to force the aerated uel to flow inwardl and impinge against the tube as it rises r-om the chamber and passes upwardly through the outlet, the tube having openings therein above the inwardly extending wall for directing jets of air across the outlet in such quantity as to sup ort combustion of the aerated fuel over said inwardl extending wall and cause the resulting ames to spread outwardly from the top of the 0t.

2. In a burner of the character descri ed, the combination of a pot consisting of a continuous side wall and a bottom, means for delivering fuel in fluid form into the pot, a vertically extending tube positioned centrally in the pot to form with the sidewall a mixing chamber for the fuel and having the lower end thereof opening through the pot to receive air, means for delivering air into the chamber in such quantity as to effect only aeration of the fuel in said chamber during normal operation of the burner, and a wall extending inwardly from the upper marginal part of the pot and having its inner edge spaced from the tube to form therearound a restricted outlet for the aerated fuel, the side wall of the pot having perforations therein directly beneath the inwardly extending wall for delivering jets of air towards the tube in order to force the aerated fuel to flow inwardly against the tube as it rises from the chamber and passes upwardly through the outlet, the upper end of the tube terminating adjacent the inwardly extending wall and having openings therein for directing jets of air across the outlet and above the inwardly extending wall in such quantity as to support combustion of the aerated fuel over said inwardly extending wall and cause the resulting flames to spread outwardly from the top of the pot.

3. In a burner of the character described, the combination of a pot consisting of a continuous side wall and a bottom, means for delivering fuel in fluid form into the pot, a vertically extending tube positioned centrally in the pot to form with the side wall a mixing chamber for the fuel and having thelower end thereof opening through the pot to receive air, means for delivering air into the chamber in such quantity as 'to 'efi'ect only aeration of the fuel in said chamber during normal operation of the burner, a pair of vertically spaced walls extending inwardly from the upper part of the pot and having their inner edges spaced from the tube to form therearound a restricted outlet for the aerated fuel, and means for delivering air between said inwardly extending walls and against the tube in order to force the aerated fuel to flow inwardly against the tube as it rises from the chamber and passes upwardly through the outlet, the tube having openings therein above the uppermost inwardly extending wall for directing jets of air across the outlet in such quantity as to support combustion of the aerated fuel over said uppermost inwardly extending wall and cause the resulting flames to spread outwardly from the top of the pot.

- mixing chamber for the fuel and having the lower end thereof opening through the pot to receive air, means for delivering air into the chamber in such quantity as to effect only aeration of the fuel in said chamber during normal operation of the burner, and

a pair of vertically spaced walls extending v inwardly from the upper marginal part of the side wall of the pot and having their inner edges spaced from the tube to form therearound a restricted outlet for the aerated fuel, the upper marginal part of the side wall having perforations therein for delivering jets of air between the inwardly extending walls and against the tube in order to force the aerated fuel to flow inwardly against the tube as it rises from the chamber and passes upwardly through the outlet, the upper end of the tube terminating adjacent the uppermost inwardly extending wall and having openings therein for directing jets of air outwardly across the outlet in such quantity as to support combustion of the aerated fuel over the uppermost inwardly extending wall and cause the resulting flames to spread outwardly from the top of the pot.

5. In a burner of the character described, the combination of a pot consisting of a continuous side wall and a bottom, means for delivering fuel, in fluid form into the pot, a

vertically extending tube positioned -cen-- trally in the pot to form with the side wall a mixing chamber for the fuel and having its lower end opening through the pot to receive air, a pair of vertically spaced walls extending inwardly from the upper part of the pot and having their inner edges spaced from the tube to form therearound a restricted outlet for the mixing chamber, the side wall of the pot having perforations therein beneath the lowermost inwardly extending wall for delivering air into the chamber in such quantity as to effect only aeration of the fuel in said chamber during normal operation of the burner, and means for delivering air between said inwardly extending walls and against the tube in order to force the aerated fuel to flow inwardly against the tube as it rises from the chamber-and passes upwardly through the outlet, the tube having openings therein above the uppermost inwardly extending wall for directing jets of air across the outlet in such quantity as to support combustion of the aerated fuel over said uppermost inwardly extending wall and cause the resulting flames to spread outwardly from the top of the pot.

the combination of a pot consisting of a continuous side wall and a bottom, means for de- 7 livering fuel in fluid form into the pot, a vertically extending tube positioned centrally in the pot to form with the side wall a mixing chamber for the fuel and having its lower end opening through the pot to receive air, and a pair of vertically spaced walls extending inwardly from the upper marginal part of the side wall of the pot and having their inner edges spaced from the tube to form around said tube a restricted outlet for the mixing chamber, the side wall of the pot having perforations in the lower portion thereof for delivering air into the chamber in such quantity as to effect only aeration of the fuel in said chamber durin normfal operation of the burner, andhaving perforations in the upper portion thereof for delivering air between the inwardly extending walls and towards the tube in order to force the aerated fuel to flow inwardly against the tube as it rises from the chamber and passes upwardly through the outlet, the upper end of the tube terminating adjacent the uppermost inwardly extending wall and having openings therein for directing jets of air across the outlet in such quantity as to support combustion of the aerated fuel over said uppermost inwardly extending wall and cause the resulting flames to spread outwardly from the top of the pot.

7. In a burner of the character described, the combination of a pot consisting of a continuous side wall and a bottom, means for delivering fuel in fluid form into the pot, a vertically extending tube arranged centrally in the pot to form with the side wall a mixing chamber for the 'fuel and having its lower end opening through the potto receive air, and a wall extending inwardly from the upper marginal part of the side wall and having its inner edge spaced from the tube to form therearound a restricted outlet for the mixing chamber, the side wall of the pot having perforations therein beneath the inwardly extending wall for deliverin air into the chamber in such quantity as to e ect only aeration of the fuel during normal operation of the burner, the upper end of the tube terminating adjacent the inwardly extending wall and having openings therein above said wall for directing'jets of air across the out-- let in such quantity as to support combustion of the aerated fuel over said inwardly extending wall and cause the resulting flames to spread outwardly from the top of the pot.

8. In a burner'of the character described, the combination of a pot consisting of a continuous side wall and a bottom, means for de livering fuel in fluid form into the pot, a vertically extending tube arranged centrally in the pot and having the upper end thereof.

. terminating adjacent the upper marginal 6. In a burner of the character described,

[III

of the tube within" the pot being imperforate and forming with the pot a mixing chamber for the fuel, and a wall extending inwardly from the upper marginal part of the side wall and having its 1nner end spaced from the tube to formtherearound a restricted outlet for the mixing chamber,-the side wall of the pot having perforations thereinbeneath the lnwardly extending wall for delivering air into'the chamber in such uantity as to effect only aeration of'the fue during normal operation of the burner the upper end of the tube terminating adjacent the inwardly extendin wall and having openings therein above said wall for directlng jets of air across the outlet in such quantity as to support combustion of-the aerated fuel over 'said inwardly extending wall and cause the resulting flames to spread outwardly from the top of the pot.

In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

WILLIAM B. STURGIS. 

